手持ちの MacBook Air (Mac OS X Snow Leopard) に、 Apache 2.2.17 をソースからインストールしてみる。
Apache HTTP Server (httpd) 2.2.17 is the best available version 2010-10-19
The Apache HTTP Server Project is pleased to announce the release of Apache HTTP Server (httpd) version 2.2.17. This release represents fifteen years of innovation by the project, and is recommended over all previous releases!
For details see the Official Announcement and the CHANGES_2.2 or condensed CHANGES_2.2.17 lists
Add-in modules for Apache 1.3 or 2.0 are not compatible with Apache 2.2. If you are running third party add-in modules, you must obtain modules compiled or updated for Apache 2.2 from that third party, before you attempt to upgrade from these previous versions. Modules compiled for Apache 2.2 should continue to work for all 2.2.x releases.
Download - The Apache HTTP Server Project
ざっと、ダウンロードしてコンパイルしてインストールする流れ。
URLを操るための mod_rewrite と、リバースプロキシのために mod_proxy も入れる。
$ wget http://archive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.2.17.tar.gz
$ tar zxf ./httpd-2.2.17.tar.gz
$ cd ./httpd-2.2.17
$ ls
ABOUT_APACHE NWGNUmakefile docs
Apache.dsw README emacs-style
BuildAll.dsp README-win32.txt httpd.dsp
BuildBin.dsp README.platforms httpd.spec
CHANGES ROADMAP include
INSTALL VERSIONING libhttpd.dsp
InstallBin.dsp acinclude.m4 modules
LAYOUT build os
LICENSE buildconf server
Makefile.in config.layout srclib
Makefile.win configure support
NOTICE configure.in test
apache1系のときと configure のパラメータがちがうっぽいので注意。
というわけで、長いけど configure のヘルプを表示。
$ ./configure --help
`configure' configures this package to adapt to many kinds of systems.
Usage: ./configure [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...
To assign environment variables (e.g., CC, CFLAGS...), specify them as
VAR=VALUE. See below for descriptions of some of the useful variables.
Defaults for the options are specified in brackets.
Configuration:
-h, --help display this help and exit
--help=short display options specific to this package
--help=recursive display the short help of all the included packages
-V, --version display version information and exit
-q, --quiet, --silent do not print `checking...' messages
--cache-file=FILE cache test results in FILE [disabled]
-C, --config-cache alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'
-n, --no-create do not create output files
--srcdir=DIR find the sources in DIR [configure dir or `..']
Installation directories:
--prefix=PREFIX install architecture-independent files in PREFIX
[/usr/local/apache2]
--exec-prefix=EPREFIX install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX
[PREFIX]
By default, `make install' will install all the files in
`/usr/local/apache2/bin', `/usr/local/apache2/lib' etc. You can specify
an installation prefix other than `/usr/local/apache2' using `--prefix',
for instance `--prefix=$HOME'.
For better control, use the options below.
Fine tuning of the installation directories:
--bindir=DIR user executables [EPREFIX/bin]
--sbindir=DIR system admin executables [EPREFIX/sbin]
--libexecdir=DIR program executables [EPREFIX/libexec]
--sysconfdir=DIR read-only single-machine data [PREFIX/etc]
--sharedstatedir=DIR modifiable architecture-independent data [PREFIX/com]
--localstatedir=DIR modifiable single-machine data [PREFIX/var]
--libdir=DIR object code libraries [EPREFIX/lib]
--includedir=DIR C header files [PREFIX/include]
--oldincludedir=DIR C header files for non-gcc [/usr/include]
--datarootdir=DIR read-only arch.-independent data root [PREFIX/share]
--datadir=DIR read-only architecture-independent data [DATAROOTDIR]
--infodir=DIR info documentation [DATAROOTDIR/info]
--localedir=DIR locale-dependent data [DATAROOTDIR/locale]
--mandir=DIR man documentation [DATAROOTDIR/man]
--docdir=DIR documentation root [DATAROOTDIR/doc/PACKAGE]
--htmldir=DIR html documentation [DOCDIR]
--dvidir=DIR dvi documentation [DOCDIR]
--pdfdir=DIR pdf documentation [DOCDIR]
--psdir=DIR ps documentation [DOCDIR]
System types:
--build=BUILD configure for building on BUILD [guessed]
--host=HOST cross-compile to build programs to run on HOST [BUILD]
--target=TARGET configure for building compilers for TARGET [HOST]
Optional Features:
--disable-option-checking ignore unrecognized --enable/--with options
--disable-FEATURE do not include FEATURE (same as --enable-FEATURE=no)
--enable-FEATURE[=ARG] include FEATURE [ARG=yes]
--enable-layout=LAYOUT
--enable-v4-mapped Allow IPv6 sockets to handle IPv4 connections
--enable-exception-hook Enable fatal exception hook
--enable-maintainer-mode
Turn on debugging and compile time warnings
--enable-pie Build httpd as a Position Independent Executable
--enable-modules=MODULE-LIST
Space-separated list of modules to enable | "all" |
"most"
--enable-mods-shared=MODULE-LIST
Space-separated list of shared modules to enable |
"all" | "most"
--disable-authn-file file-based authentication control
--enable-authn-dbm DBM-based authentication control
--enable-authn-anon anonymous user authentication control
--enable-authn-dbd SQL-based authentication control
--disable-authn-default authentication backstopper
--enable-authn-alias auth provider alias
--disable-authz-host host-based authorization control
--disable-authz-groupfile
'require group' authorization control
--disable-authz-user 'require user' authorization control
--enable-authz-dbm DBM-based authorization control
--enable-authz-owner 'require file-owner' authorization control
--enable-authnz-ldap LDAP based authentication
--disable-authz-default authorization control backstopper
--disable-auth-basic basic authentication
--enable-auth-digest RFC2617 Digest authentication
--enable-isapi isapi extension support
--enable-file-cache File cache
--enable-cache dynamic file caching
--enable-disk-cache disk caching module
--enable-mem-cache memory caching module
--enable-dbd Apache DBD Framework
--enable-bucketeer buckets manipulation filter
--enable-dumpio I/O dump filter
--enable-echo ECHO server
--enable-example example and demo module
--enable-case-filter example uppercase conversion filter
--enable-case-filter-in example uppercase conversion input filter
--enable-reqtimeout Limit time waiting for request from client
--enable-ext-filter external filter module
--disable-include Server Side Includes
--disable-filter Smart Filtering
--enable-substitute response content rewrite-like filtering
--disable-charset-lite character set translation
--enable-charset-lite character set translation
--enable-deflate Deflate transfer encoding support
--enable-ldap LDAP caching and connection pooling services
--disable-log-config logging configuration
--enable-log-forensic forensic logging
--enable-logio input and output logging
--disable-env clearing/setting of ENV vars
--enable-mime-magic automagically determining MIME type
--enable-cern-meta CERN-type meta files
--enable-expires Expires header control
--enable-headers HTTP header control
--enable-ident RFC 1413 identity check
--enable-usertrack user-session tracking
--enable-unique-id per-request unique ids
--disable-setenvif basing ENV vars on headers
--disable-version determining httpd version in config files
--enable-proxy Apache proxy module
--enable-proxy-connect Apache proxy CONNECT module
--enable-proxy-ftp Apache proxy FTP module
--enable-proxy-http Apache proxy HTTP module
--enable-proxy-scgi Apache proxy SCGI module
--enable-proxy-ajp Apache proxy AJP module
--enable-proxy-balancer Apache proxy BALANCER module
--enable-ssl SSL/TLS support (mod_ssl)
--enable-distcache Select distcache support in mod_ssl
--enable-optional-hook-export
example optional hook exporter
--enable-optional-hook-import
example optional hook importer
--enable-optional-fn-import
example optional function importer
--enable-optional-fn-export
example optional function exporter
--enable-static-support Build a statically linked version of the support
binaries
--enable-static-htpasswd
Build a statically linked version of htpasswd
--enable-static-htdigest
Build a statically linked version of htdigest
--enable-static-rotatelogs
Build a statically linked version of rotatelogs
--enable-static-logresolve
Build a statically linked version of logresolve
--enable-static-htdbm Build a statically linked version of htdbm
--enable-static-ab Build a statically linked version of ab
--enable-static-checkgid
Build a statically linked version of checkgid
--enable-static-htcacheclean
Build a statically linked version of htcacheclean
--enable-static-httxt2dbm
Build a statically linked version of httxt2dbm
--enable-http HTTP protocol handling
--disable-mime mapping of file-extension to MIME
--enable-dav WebDAV protocol handling
--disable-status process/thread monitoring
--disable-autoindex directory listing
--disable-asis as-is filetypes
--enable-info server information
--enable-suexec set uid and gid for spawned processes
--disable-cgid CGI scripts
--enable-cgi CGI scripts
--disable-cgi CGI scripts
--enable-cgid CGI scripts
--enable-dav-fs DAV provider for the filesystem
--enable-dav-lock DAV provider for generic locking
--enable-vhost-alias mass virtual hosting module
--disable-negotiation content negotiation
--disable-dir directory request handling
--enable-imagemap server-side imagemaps
--disable-actions Action triggering on requests
--enable-speling correct common URL misspellings
--disable-userdir mapping of requests to user-specific directories
--disable-alias mapping of requests to different filesystem parts
--enable-rewrite rule based URL manipulation
--enable-so DSO capability
Optional Packages:
--with-PACKAGE[=ARG] use PACKAGE [ARG=yes]
--without-PACKAGE do not use PACKAGE (same as --with-PACKAGE=no)
--with-included-apr Use bundled copies of APR/APR-Util
--with-apr=PATH prefix for installed APR or the full path to
apr-config
--with-apr-util=PATH prefix for installed APU or the full path to
apu-config
--with-pcre=PATH Use external PCRE library
--with-port=PORT Port on which to listen (default is 80)
--with-sslport=SSLPORT Port on which to securelisten (default is 443)
--with-z=DIR use a specific zlib library
--with-sslc=DIR RSA SSL-C SSL/TLS toolkit
--with-ssl=DIR OpenSSL SSL/TLS toolkit
--with-mpm=MPM Choose the process model for Apache to use.
MPM={beos|event|worker|prefork|mpmt_os2}
--with-module=module-type:module-file
Enable module-file in the modules/<module-type>
directory.
--with-program-name alternate executable name
--with-suexec-bin Path to suexec binary
--with-suexec-caller User allowed to call SuExec
--with-suexec-userdir User subdirectory
--with-suexec-docroot SuExec root directory
--with-suexec-uidmin Minimal allowed UID
--with-suexec-gidmin Minimal allowed GID
--with-suexec-logfile Set the logfile
--with-suexec-safepath Set the safepath
--with-suexec-umask umask for suexec'd process
Some influential environment variables:
CC C compiler command
CFLAGS C compiler flags
LDFLAGS linker flags, e.g. -L<lib dir> if you have libraries in a
nonstandard directory <lib dir>
LIBS libraries to pass to the linker, e.g. -l<library>
CPPFLAGS C/C++/Objective C preprocessor flags, e.g. -I<include dir> if
you have headers in a nonstandard directory <include dir>
CPP C preprocessor
Use these variables to override the choices made by `configure' or to help
it to find libraries and programs with nonstandard names/locations.
URLを操るための mod_rewrite と、リバースプロキシのために mod_proxy も入れる。
mod_proxy を使うときは mod_proxy_http や mod_proxy_ajp など使いたい機能のプロキシモジュールもインストールする必要があるらしい。
Apache 1.3 のときと指定するパラメータ名がちがうので注意。
$ ./configure --enable-so --enable-rewrite=shared --enable-proxy=shared --enable-proxy-http=shared
で、インストール。
$ make
$ sudo make install
どうやら、デフォルトインストールだから /usr/local/apache 以下に全部インストールされたみたい。
とりあえず、インストールされた Apache 2.2.17 の情報を出力。
$ /usr/local/apache2/bin/httpd -V
Server version: Apache/2.2.17 (Unix)
Server built: Feb 18 2011 15:39:48
Server's Module Magic Number: 20051115:25
Server loaded: APR 1.3.8, APR-Util 1.3.9
Compiled using: APR 1.3.5, APR-Util 1.3.7
Architecture: 64-bit
Server MPM: Prefork
threaded: no
forked: yes (variable process count)
Server compiled with....
-D APACHE_MPM_DIR="server/mpm/prefork"
-D APR_HAS_SENDFILE
-D APR_HAS_MMAP
-D APR_HAVE_IPV6 (IPv4-mapped addresses enabled)
-D APR_USE_FLOCK_SERIALIZE
-D APR_USE_PTHREAD_SERIALIZE
-D SINGLE_LISTEN_UNSERIALIZED_ACCEPT
-D APR_HAS_OTHER_CHILD
-D AP_HAVE_RELIABLE_PIPED_LOGS
-D DYNAMIC_MODULE_LIMIT=128
-D HTTPD_ROOT="/usr/local/apache2"
-D SUEXEC_BIN="/usr/local/apache2/bin/suexec"
-D DEFAULT_PIDLOG="logs/httpd.pid"
-D DEFAULT_SCOREBOARD="logs/apache_runtime_status"
-D DEFAULT_LOCKFILE="logs/accept.lock"
-D DEFAULT_ERRORLOG="logs/error_log"
-D AP_TYPES_CONFIG_FILE="conf/mime.types"
-D SERVER_CONFIG_FILE="conf/httpd.conf"
Prefork ってなんだっけ？
このマルチプロセッシングモジュール (MPM) は、 Unix 上での Apache 1.3 のデフォルトの挙動と非常によく似た方法で リクエストを処理する、スレッドを使わず、先行して fork を行なう ウェブサーバを実装しています。 スレッドセーフでないライブラリとの互換性をとるために、 スレッドを避ける必要のあるサイトでは、このモジュールの使用が適切でしょう。 あるリクエストで発生した問題が他のリクエストに影響しないように、 個々のリクエストを単離するのにも、最適な MPM です。
prefork - Apache HTTP サーバ
このマルチプロセッシングモジュール (MPM) は、マルチスレッドとマルチプロセスのハイブリッド型サーバを 実装しています。リクエストの応答にスレッドを使うと、 プロセスベースのサーバよりも少ないシステム資源で、 多くのリクエストに応答することができます。 さらに、多くのスレッドを持った複数のプロセスを維持することで、 プロセスベースのサーバの持つ安定性を保持しています。
worker - Apache HTTP サーバ
設定ファイルは /usr/local/apache2/conf 以下に。
$ cd /usr/local/apache2/conf
$ ls -la
total 160
drwxr-xr-x 7 root wheel 238 2 18 15:40 .
drwxr-xr-x 14 root wheel 476 2 18 15:40 ..
drwxr-xr-x 13 root wheel 442 2 18 15:40 extra
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 13780 2 18 15:40 httpd.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 12958 2 18 15:40 magic
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 45472 2 18 15:40 mime.types
drwxr-xr-x 4 root wheel 136 2 18 15:40 original
ざっと httpd.conf の中をながめてみる。
以下に、ServerRoot や Port ディレクティブなどいくつかの情報をピックアップしておく。
ServerRoot "/usr/local/apache2"
Listen 80
DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache2/htdocs"
ErrorLog "logs/error_log"
CustomLog "logs/access_log" common
ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/usr/local/apache2/cgi-bin/"
なぜか mod_proxy 関係がまとめて入っちゃってる。。。
mod_proxy と mod_proxy_http だけ入れたつもりなんだけど。
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so
LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so
LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
LoadModule proxy_scgi_module modules/mod_proxy_scgi.so
LoadModule proxy_ajp_module modules/mod_proxy_ajp.so
LoadModule proxy_balancer_module modules/mod_proxy_balancer.so
LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so
Apache の起動。
$ sudo /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start
ブラウザから http://localhost/ にアクセスすると It works! と表示される。
とりあえず、ここまで。
tags: mac_os_x Apache zurazure
Posted by NI-Lab. (@nilab)
